module_6.py

Created by vovenastream

Created on December 03, 2025

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1) Production Function
Axe horizontal = L (travailleurs)
Axe vertical = Q (production)
Forme : croissante & concave  diminishing marginal returns
Formules :
TP = quantité totale produite
MP = ΔTP / ΔL = TPn  TP(n1)
AP = TP / L
🎯 À savoir : MP  quand L  (rendements marginaux décroissants)
🔵 2) Coûts : TC, FC, VC
TC = FC + VC
Si coût par employé  TC = L × coût par employé
FC = constants
VC = variables (= w × L)
🔵 3) Average Costs (AFC, AVC, ATC)
AFC = FC / Q (toujours )
AVC = VC / Q (forme en U)
ATC = TC / Q = AFC + AVC (forme en U)
🎯 Règle graphique : MC coupe ATC et AVC en leur minimum.
🔵 4) Marginal Cost (MC)
MC = ΔTC / ΔQ
MC(Q) = dérivée de TC(Q)
Si TC(Q) = a + bQ + cQ2
 MC(Q) = b + 2cQ
Exemple :
TC = 500 + 0.2Q2
 MC = 0.4Q
🔵 5) Revenus : TR, AR, MR
TR = P × Q
AR = TR / Q = P
MR = ΔTR / ΔQ
En concurrence parfaite : MR = P
🔵 6) Profit
π = TR  TC
π = P×Q  TC
Conditions :
P > ATC  profit
ATC > P > AVC  opère avec perte
P < AVC  shutdown
🔵 7) Production optimale (Perfect Competition)
RÈGLE DOR :
P = MR = MC
Pour trouver Q* :
Résoudre MC(Q) = P
Ex : 0.4Q = 10  Q = 25
🔵 8) Long Run (LR)
Entrée si profit > 0  P 
Sortie si profit < 0  P 
À long terme :
P = minimum ATC
π = 0
MC = ATC = MR = P

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