td6exostypes.py

Created by raph-couvert

Created on May 26, 2025

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# Résolution TD6 - Probabilités ECE ING3

# Exercice 6.1 - Sondage
# Population : ensemble des électeurs
# Variable : proportion de vote pour Durand
# Paramètre : p = 0.511
# Échantillon : 1000 personnes
# Statistique : fréquence observée f = 0.502

# Exercice 6.2 - Lois théoriques
# Lois :
# Xn ~ N(m, σ2/n)
# n/σ2 * Vn ~ Khi2(n)
# n/σ2 * S'2n ~ Khi2(n−1)
# (n−1)/σ2 * S2n ~ Khi2(n−1)

# Exercice 6.3 - Notes examen
m = 10
σ = 5
n = 25
σ_Xn = σ / sqrt(n) = 5 / 5 = 1
P(9.5 <= Xn <= 11)  P(0.5 <= Z <= 1)  0.5328

# Pour n = 100 → σ_Xn = 5/10 = 0.5
# P plus grande → intervalle plus précis

# Exercice 6.4 - Ascenseur
# Poids total T ~ N(3*77 + 3*63, sqrt(3*122 + 3*102))
# E(T) = 420, σ_T = sqrt(3*144 + 3*100) = sqrt(732) ≈ 27.06
# P(T > 450) ≈ P(Z > (450−420)/27.06) ≈ P(Z > 1.108) ≈ 0.133

# Pour 0.5% de dépassement :
# Z = 2.575 ⇒ poids max ≈ E(T) + 2.575 * σ_T ≈ 420 + 69.7 ≈ 490 kg

# Exercice 6.5 - Pack bières
σ = 5
n = 6
σ_Xn = σ / sqrt(n) = 5 / sqrt(6)  2.04

# Seuil des 1.7% supérieurs
# Z ≈ 2.12 ⇒ valeur seuil = 300 + 2.12 * 2.04 ≈ 304.3 ml

# Exercice 6.6 - Billets
# Population : 40x50€, 60x20€
# m = (40*50 + 60*20)/100 = 32 €
# σ2 = E(X2) − m2 = (40*2500 + 60*400)/100 − 322 = 1720 − 1024 = 696

# Échantillon : (50,20,20)
m_ech = (50+20+20)/3 = 30
var = ((5030)2 + (2030)2 + (2030)2)/3 = 200
var_corr = .../2 = 300

# En moyenne sur tous les échantillons :
# - Moyenne des moyennes = m
# - Moyenne des variances = σ2
# - Moyenne des variances corrigées ≈ σ2

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