loiexpo.py

Created by raph-couvert

Created on April 04, 2025

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Exercice  Loi Exponentielle (sans mémoire)

Soit λ > 0 et X ~ E(λ)

1. Calcul de P(1  X < 3), P(X > t), P(X  t)

On rappelle que la densité : f(x) = λ * exp(-λx) pour x  0

P(1  X < 3) = 13 λ * exp(-λx) dx  
= [-exp(-λx)]13  
= exp(-λ*1) - exp(-λ*3)  
= e^(-λ) - e^(-3λ)

P(X > t) = t+ λ * exp(-λx) dx  
= [-exp(-λx)]t+ = 0 - ( -exp(-λt) ) = exp(-λt)

P(X  t) = P(X > t) car la densité est continue  
 P(X  t) = P(X > t) = e^(-λt)

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2. Propriété sans mémoire : P(X  t + s | X  s)

Par définition :
P(X  t + s | X  s) = P(X  t + s  X  s) / P(X  s)  
= P(X  t + s) / P(X  s)

Or :  
P(X  t + s) = e^(-λ(t + s))  
P(X  s) = e^(-λs)

Donc :
P(X  t + s | X  s) = e^(-λ(t + s)) / e^(-λs) = e^(-λt)

 P(X  t + s | X  s) = P(X  t)

Donc **la loi exponentielle est sans mémoire**.

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