lognormale.py

Created by raph-couvert

Created on April 04, 2025

1.14 KB


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Exercice  Loi Log-Normale (correction)

Soit X ~ Log-N(μ, σ2), donc ln(X) ~ N(μ, σ2)
On pose Y = 1/X

1. Déterminer la loi de Y

Y = 1/X  ln(Y) = -ln(X)

Or ln(X) ~ N(μ, σ2)  ln(Y) = -ln(X) ~ N(-μ, σ2)

Donc Y suit une loi log-normale de paramètres (-μ, σ2)

Densité de Y :
fy(y) = 1 / (y * σ * 2π) * exp( - (ln(y) + μ)2 / (2σ2) ) pour y > 0

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2. Montrer que X = μ + σZ

On sait : ln(X) ~ N(μ, σ2)
Donc : ln(X) = μ + σZ avec Z ~ N(0,1)
 X = exp(μ + σZ)

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3. Calculer P(0  Y  4), pour μ = 1 et σ2 = 2  σ = 2

Y suit Log-N(-1, 2)

On veut P(0  Y  4) = P(ln(Y)  [ln(0), ln(4)])  
= P(Z  [ (ln(0) + 1)/2 , (ln(4) + 1)/2 ])

Mais ln(0)  -  P(Y  4) = P(Z  (ln(4) + 1)/2)

 ln(4)  1.386  (1.386 + 1)/2  2.386 / 1.414  1.686

Donc : P(0  Y  4)  Φ(1.686)  0.954

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4. Espérance et Variance de Y

Y ~ Log-N(-μ, σ2) donc :

E(Y) = exp( -μ + σ2/2 )
Var(Y) = [exp(σ2) - 1] * exp( -2μ + σ2 )

Avec μ = 1, σ2 = 2 :

E(Y) = exp( -1 + 1 ) = exp(0) = 1  
Var(Y) = [exp(2) - 1] * exp(-2 + 2) = (e2 - 1) * 1  6.389

Donc :  
E(Y) = 1  
Var(Y)  6.389

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