ondes.py

Created by mathysappy

Created on April 25, 2024

1.18 KB


c = 3.00 x 10puissance8 m.s-1
c(son) = 340 m.s-1
audible : 20Hz-20kHz
visible : 400 nm-800 nm

onde : perturbation de l'espace
qui transporte de NRJ sans 
transport de matiere

ondes mecaniques : milieu de 
propagation
ondes electromagnitiques : pas
milieu de propagation

v = λ / T = λ x f

I = P / S
S = 4πr2

Niveau sonore 
L = 10 x log (I/I0)
I0 = 10puissance-12 (seuil 
audibilite)

Diffraction : lorsque λ de 
l onde utilisee est du meme
ordre de grandeur que la taille
de l objet diffractant.

petits angles (D>>d) : 
  tan & = & = d / D
  & = λ / a 
a : largeur d ouverture 
    taille objet diffractant
    
interferences
- constructives : ondes en phase
- destructives : opposition de
phases

brillant : 
  delta = k x λ
sombre : 
  delta = (k+0,5) x λ

diff de marche ou de chemin
d optique : delta = O1M - O2M

Fentes d Young : 
  interfranges : x2 - x1
  
effet doppler : 
  mouvement relatif entre 
  emetteur d une onde et 
  recepteur de cette onde

fR > fE : rapproche (+ aigu)
fR < fE : eloigne (+ grave)  

fR = (c/c-v) x fE
fR = (c/c+v) x fE

decalage doppler
Δf = fR - fE
si c>>v 
Δf = (v/c) x f

effet doppler fizeau
λ = c/f
f = c/λ

c/λ' = (c/c-v) x (c/λ)
λ' = (c-v/c) x λ

  

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