finance.py

Created by jilsaint90

Created on January 04, 2026

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finance fort


# --- MEMENTO FINANCE INSA ---

# 1. BILAN FONCTIONNEL (Valeurs Brutes) [cite: 1, 16]
# Ressources Stables (RS) = Cap. Propres + Amort/Prov + Dettes Fin. 
# Emplois Stables (ES) = Actif Immobilisé Brut [cite: 2]
# FRNG = RS - ES [cite: 6, 23]
# BFR = Actif Circulant HT - Passif Circulant HT [cite: 2, 6, 23]
# TN = FRNG - BFR (ou Tréso Actif - Tréso Passif) [cite: 23]

# 2. SIG & RENTABILITE [cite: 8, 9]
# VA = Prod Exercice - Achats - Autres charges externes [cite: 3]
# EBE = VA - Charges Personnel [cite: 3]
# REX (Résultat Exploit) = EBE - Amortissements
# CAF = Résultat Net + Dotations Amortissements [cite: 9, 48]

# 3. RATIOS DE GESTION (en jours) [cite: 26, 27]
# Client = (Créances Clients TTC / CA TTC) * 360
# Fournisseur = (Dettes Fournisseurs TTC / Achats TTC) * 360
# BFR en jours = (BFR / CA HT) * 360 [cite: 26]

# 4. CHOIX D'INVESTISSEMENT (EXO 2) [cite: 35-40]
# Investissement (I0) = Prix Achat + BFR Initial [cite: 35, 42]
# Amort (Linéaire) = Prix Achat / n (années) [cite: 36, 43]
# Resultat Avant Impot = CA - Charges Var - Charges Fixes - Amort [cite: 39]
# Flux Net (FNT) = CAF - Var.BFR + Revente nette [cite: 46, 47]
# Revente Nette = Prix Cession - IS sur (Prix Cession - VNC) [cite: 46]

# 5. ACTUALISATION [cite: 40, 50]
# VAN = Somme(FNTn / (1+i)^n) - I0
# Si VAN > 0 : Projet Rentable [cite: 50]
# TRI : Taux pour lequel VAN = 0. Si TRI > i : OK [cite: 51]

# 6. ASTUCES EXAMEN
# - Toujours verifier : FRNG - BFR = TN [cite: 23]
# - BFR positif = Besoin d'argent (pas bon) [cite: 7, 24]
# - TN negative = Danger de faillite [cite: 32, 33]
# - Recuperation BFR : En derniere année, VarBFR = + BFR total [cite: 39]

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